Selective Mutism is classified as which type of disorder in DSM-5, based on the observed anxiety?

Selective Mutism is classified as which type of disorder in DSM-5, based on the observed anxiety?

• A. A communication disorder
• B. An anxiety disorder
• C. A language disorder
• D. A neurodevelopmental disorder

Answer: (B)

Selective Mutism centers on intense fear and avoidance of speaking in social settings. In DSM-5, this primary feature places it with anxiety disorders because the core issue is anxiety about communication, not a problem with language or speech mechanics. The child typically has normal language skills and can speak in familiar situations (like at home) but becomes mute in settings where speaking is expected (like school) due to fear of embarrassment or negative evaluation, causing significant impairment. This distinction matters for treatment, directing focus toward anxiety-reduction strategies such as exposure-based therapy and cognitive-behavioral techniques, sometimes with pharmacotherapy, rather than only language or speech therapy.

Selective Mutism centers on intense fear and avoidance of speaking in social settings. In DSM-5, this primary feature places it with anxiety disorders because the core issue is anxiety about communication, not a problem with language or speech mechanics. The child typically has normal language skills and can speak in familiar situations (like at home) but becomes mute in settings where speaking is expected (like school) due to fear of embarrassment or negative evaluation, causing significant impairment. This distinction matters for treatment, directing focus toward anxiety-reduction strategies such as exposure-based therapy and cognitive-behavioral techniques, sometimes with pharmacotherapy, rather than only language or speech therapy.